What is Dialysis?
Dialysis is the process of removing waste and excess water from the blood and is used primarily to provide an artificial replacement for lost kidney function in people with renal failure. Dialysis is regarded as a life sustaining measure until a renal transplant (Kidney Transplant) can be performed, or sometimes as the only supportive measure in those for whom a transplant would be inappropriate.
When is Dialysis Needed?
Dialysis is needed when one has End Stage Kidney Failure or CKD stage 5, because by then there is a loss of kidney function of > 85%. And if the patient has severe symptoms caused by kidney disease such as: shortness of breath, fatigue, muscle cramps, nausea or vomiting or biochemical abnormalities like very high urea, creatinine, potassium or acidosis.
What Does Dialysis Do?
When kidneys fail, dialysis keeps body in balance by:
- Removing toxic wastes and extra water from the blood.
- Maintaining a safe level of certain chemicals in the blood, such as potassium, sodium and bicarbonate.
- Helping to control blood pressure.
Is Kidney Failure Permanent?
Usually yes, but not always. The chances that the kidneys will get better depend on what caused kidney failure. Kidney failure is divided into two general categories, acute and chronic. Acute (or sudden) kidney injury is often temporary. Some kinds of acute kidney injury get better after treatment. In some cases of acute kidney injury, dialysis may only be needed for a short time until the kidneys get better. In chronic kidney failure, the kidneys normally do not heal and may require lifelong dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Types of Dialysis
Various types of dialysis are available to address different stages of kidney failure, each tailored to the patient’s specific medical needs. Below are the primary forms of dialysis and related therapies:
- Hemodialysis (HD): Hemodialysis involves filtering the blood through a machine that removes waste and excess fluids. It is typically done in a hospital or dialysis center, requiring regular sessions each week.
- Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD): Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) uses the patient’s peritoneum as a filter to remove toxins. It can be done at home, allowing more flexibility for the patient.
- Hemodiafiltration (HDF): Hemodiafiltration combines hemodialysis with filtration, providing better removal of middle and larger toxins, often leading to improved patient outcomes compared to traditional hemodialysis.
- Slow Low-Efficiency Hemodialysis (SLED): SLED is a slower and less intensive form of hemodialysis, used for critically ill patients, as it is more tolerable and reduces the risk of complications like low blood pressure.
- Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT): CRRT is primarily used in intensive care units for patients with acute kidney injury. It continuously filters blood over 24 hours, providing a gentler option than conventional dialysis.
- Plasmapheresis: Plasmapheresis involves filtering the plasma from the blood to remove harmful antibodies and toxins. It is often used for autoimmune diseases affecting the kidneys.
- Immunoadsorption: Immunoadsorption is a specialized technique that removes specific antibodies from the blood. It is used in conditions where the immune system attacks the kidneys, such as in certain forms of glomerulonephritis.
Where is Dialysis Done?
Hemodialysis is usually done in a hospital in the dialysis unit. Patients usually have hemodialysis three times a week. It takes about 4 hours each time.
Peritoneal Dialysis is usually done at home. Patients perform the peritoneal fluid exchange by themselves or with the help of a relative at home.
The cost of kidney dialysis varies depending on the type of dialysis and the location of treatment, making it important to discuss options with a healthcare provider.
Dialysis in India
If you’re dealing with symptoms of kidney failure or need to explore dialysis options, expert care is crucial. Whether you need hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, or other advanced therapies, meet Dr. Kamal Kiran, who can provide specialized treatment and individualized care plans to manage your condition effectively.
One can trust Dr. Kamal Kiran’s expertise for comprehensive and compassionate nephrology services. Book your appointment today!