Slow, progressive, and irreversible damage to the kidneys due to any cause, resulting in a gradual decrease in kidney function, is called Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). If kidney disease gets worse, wastes can build up to high levels in our blood. We may develop complications like high blood pressure, water retention, anemia (low hemoglobin), weak bones, poor nutritional health, and nerve damage. CKD also increases the risk of having heart attacks and brain strokes. These problems may happen slowly over time or may present catastrophically. Early detection and treatment can often keep chronic kidney disease from getting worse.
There are 5 stages of CKD depending on the GFR. For the 5 stages of CKD click here. As kidney disease progresses, it eventually leads to kidney failure, thus requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation.
Measuring Kidney Function
The working of the kidneys is measured by a simple blood test called creatinine. In normal adults, the serum creatinine is usually below 1 mg/dl. This corresponds to 100% functioning of the kidneys. The functioning is usually talked about in terms of GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate). To know your kidney function, use the KIDNEY FUNCTION CALCULATOR.
A normal adult male will have a kidney function of about 125 ml/min of GFR. A female of the same age and weight will have about 15–25% lesser (due to lesser muscle mass). As kidney function or GFR decreases, the creatinine increases. Surprisingly, a creatinine of just 1.5 mg/dl corresponds to a GFR of about 60, a loss of 50% function!!
If a patient’s GFR falls below 10, the excretion of toxic wastes is no longer adequate to maintain life and the patient should be considering dialysis or kidney transplantation.
Most organs in our body, including the kidneys, show no symptoms until more than 80–90% of their function is gradually lost. Waiting for symptoms may make it too late to detect treatable conditions. However, certain symptoms may indicate the onset of chronic kidney disease (CKD):
CKD can develop at any age, but certain factors increase the risk:
The common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) include:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is classified into five stages based on the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), reflecting the level of kidney function:
To treat Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) effectively, early detection, tailored treatment, and supportive care are essential:
If you’re experiencing symptoms of Chronic Kidney Disease or have been diagnosed with a related issue, it is essential to seek specialized care.
Dr. Kamal Kiran offers expert treatment and personalized care plans to help manage your condition and improve your quality of life. Trust his expertise for top-notch nephrology services tailored to your unique needs.